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Arthur Sullivan

1842 - 1900 Person Name: A. S. Sullivan Composer of "WINKWORTH" in Gloria Deo Arthur Seymour Sullivan (b Lambeth, London. England. 1842; d. Westminster, London, 1900) was born of an Italian mother and an Irish father who was an army bandmaster and a professor of music. Sullivan entered the Chapel Royal as a chorister in 1854. He was elected as the first Mendelssohn scholar in 1856, when he began his studies at the Royal Academy of Music in London. He also studied at the Leipzig Conservatory (1858-1861) and in 1866 was appointed professor of composition at the Royal Academy of Music. Early in his career Sullivan composed oratorios and music for some Shakespeare plays. However, he is best known for writing the music for lyrics by William S. Gilbert, which produced popular operettas such as H.M.S. Pinafore (1878), The Pirates of Penzance (1879), The Mikado (1884), and Yeomen of the Guard (1888). These operettas satirized the court and everyday life in Victorian times. Although he composed some anthems, in the area of church music Sullivan is best remembered for his hymn tunes, written between 1867 and 1874 and published in The Hymnary (1872) and Church Hymns (1874), both of which he edited. He contributed hymns to A Hymnal Chiefly from The Book of Praise (1867) and to the Presbyterian collection Psalms and Hymns for Divine Worship (1867). A complete collection of his hymns and arrangements was published posthumously as Hymn Tunes by Arthur Sullivan (1902). Sullivan steadfastly refused to grant permission to those who wished to make hymn tunes from the popular melodies in his operettas. Bert Polman

Catherine Winkworth

1827 - 1878 Person Name: C. Winkworth Translator of "Tender Shepherd Thou Hast Stilled" in Gloria Deo Catherine Winkworth (b. Holborn, London, England, 1827; d. Monnetier, Savoy, France, 1878) is well known for her English translations of German hymns; her translations were polished and yet remained close to the original. Educated initially by her mother, she lived with relatives in Dresden, Germany, in 1845, where she acquired her knowledge of German and interest in German hymnody. After residing near Manchester until 1862, she moved to Clifton, near Bristol. A pioneer in promoting women's rights, Winkworth put much of her energy into the encouragement of higher education for women. She translated a large number of German hymn texts from hymnals owned by a friend, Baron Bunsen. Though often altered, these translations continue to be used in many modern hymnals. Her work was published in two series of Lyra Germanica (1855, 1858) and in The Chorale Book for England (1863), which included the appropriate German tune with each text as provided by Sterndale Bennett and Otto Goldschmidt. Winkworth also translated biographies of German Christians who promoted ministries to the poor and sick and compiled a handbook of biographies of German hymn authors, Christian Singers of Germany (1869). Bert Polman ======================== Winkworth, Catherine, daughter of Henry Winkworth, of Alderley Edge, Cheshire, was born in London, Sep. 13, 1829. Most of her early life was spent in the neighbourhood of Manchester. Subsequently she removed with the family to Clifton, near Bristol. She died suddenly of heart disease, at Monnetier, in Savoy, in July, 1878. Miss Winkworth published:— Translations from the German of the Life of Pastor Fliedner, the Founder of the Sisterhood of Protestant Deaconesses at Kaiserworth, 1861; and of the Life of Amelia Sieveking, 1863. Her sympathy with practical efforts for the benefit of women, and with a pure devotional life, as seen in these translations, received from her the most practical illustration possible in the deep and active interest which she took in educational work in connection with the Clifton Association for the Higher Education of Women, and kindred societies there and elsewhere. Our interest, however, is mainly centred in her hymnological work as embodied in her:— (1) Lyra Germanica, 1st Ser., 1855. (2) Lyra Germanica, 2nd Ser., 1858. (3) The Chorale Book for England (containing translations from the German, together with music), 1863; and (4) her charming biographical work, the Christian Singers of Germany, 1869. In a sympathetic article on Miss Winkworth in the Inquirer of July 20, 1878, Dr. Martineau says:— "The translations contained in these volumes are invariably faithful, and for the most part both terse and delicate; and an admirable art is applied to the management of complex and difficult versification. They have not quite the fire of John Wesley's versions of Moravian hymns, or the wonderful fusion and reproduction of thought which may be found in Coleridge. But if less flowing they are more conscientious than either, and attain a result as poetical as severe exactitude admits, being only a little short of ‘native music'" Dr. Percival, then Principal of Clifton College, also wrote concerning her (in the Bristol Times and Mirror), in July, 1878:— "She was a person of remarkable intellectual and social gifts, and very unusual attainments; but what specially distinguished her was her combination of rare ability and great knowledge with a certain tender and sympathetic refinement which constitutes the special charm of the true womanly character." Dr. Martineau (as above) says her religious life afforded "a happy example of the piety which the Church of England discipline may implant.....The fast hold she retained of her discipleship of Christ was no example of ‘feminine simplicity,' carrying on the childish mind into maturer years, but the clear allegiance of a firm mind, familiar with the pretensions of non-Christian schools, well able to test them, and undiverted by them from her first love." Miss Winkworth, although not the earliest of modern translators from the German into English, is certainly the foremost in rank and popularity. Her translations are the most widely used of any from that language, and have had more to do with the modern revival of the English use of German hymns than the versions of any other writer. -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907) ============================ See also in: Hymn Writers of the Church

Godfrey Thring

1823 - 1903 Person Name: E. Thring Translator of "Dayspring of eternal Day" in The Day School Hymn Book Godfrey Thring (b. Alford, Somersetshire, England, 1823; d. Shamley Green, Guilford, Surrey, England, 1903) was born in the parsonage of Alford, where his father was rector. Educated at Balliol College, Oxford, England, he was ordained a priest in the Church of England in 1847. After serving in several other parishes, Thring returned to Alford and Hornblotten in 1858 to succeed his father as rector, a position he retained until his own retirement in 1893. He was also associated with Wells Cathedral (1867-1893). After 1861 Thring wrote many hymns and published several hymnals, including Hymns Congregational (1866), Hymns and Sacred Lyrics (1874), and the respected A Church of England Hymn Book Adapted to the Daily Services of the Church Throughout the Year (1880), which was enlarged as The Church of England Hymn Book (1882). Bert Polman ================ Thring, Godfrey, B.A., son of the Rev. J. G. D. Thring, of Alford, Somerset, was born at Alford, March 25, 1823, and educated at Shrewsbury School, and at Balliol College, Oxford, B.A. in 1845. On taking Holy Orders he was curate of Stratfield-Turgis, 1846-50; of Strathfieldsaye, 1850-53; and of other parishes to 1858, when he became rector of Alford-with-Hornblotton, Somerset. R.D. 1867-76. In 1876 he was preferred as prebend of East Harptree in Wells cathedral. Prebendary Thring's poetical works are:— Hymns Congregational and Others, 1866; Hymns and Verses, 1866; and Hymns and Sacred Lyrics, 1874. In 1880 he published A Church of England Hymnbook Adapted to the Daily Services of the Church throughout the Year; and in 1882, a revised and much improved edition of the same as The Church of England Hymn Book, &c. A great many of Prebendary Thring's hymns are annotated under their respective first lines; the rest in common use include:— 1. Beneath the Church's hallowed shade. Consecration of a Burial Ground. Written in 1870. This is one of four hymns set to music by Dr. Dykes, and first published by Novello & Co., 1873. It was also included (but without music) in the author's Hymns & Sacred Lyrics, 1874, p. 170, and in his Collection, 1882. 2. Blessed Saviour, Thou hast taught us. Quinquagesima. Written in 1866, and first published in the author's Hymns Congregational and Others, 1866. It was republished in his Hymns & Sacred Lyrics, 1874; and his Collection, 1882. It is based upon the Epistle for Quinquagesima. 3. Blot out our sins of old. Lent. Written in 1862, and first published in Hymns Congregational and Others

Johann W. Meinhold

1797 - 1851 Person Name: J. W. Meinhold Author of "Gentle Shepherd, Thou hast still'd" in The Home and School Hymnal Meinhold, Johann Wilhelm, D.D, son of Georg Wilhelm Meinhold, pastor at Netzelkow on the island of Usedom, was born at Netzelkow, Feb. 27, 1797, and entered the University of Greifswald in 1813. He became rector of the Town School at Usedom in 1820. In 1821 he was appointed pastor of Coserow in Usedom, and, in 1828, of Crummin in Usedom (D.D. from Erlangen in 1840). He finally became, at Easter, 1844, pastor at Behwinkel, near Stargard. He was a staunch Conservative, and after passing through the revolutionary period of 1848, this feeling, coupled with his leaning to Konian Catholicism, made him resign his living in the autumn of 1850. He retired to Charlottenburg, a suburb of Berlin, and died there, Nov. 30, 1851 (Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie xxi. 235; MS. from Pastor Schmock of Netzelkow, &c). Meinhold is perhaps best known by his historical romance Maria Schweidler, die Bernsteinhexe (1843), which professed to be taken from an old manuscript and was universally accepted as genuine. His poems appeared in his Gedichte, Leipzig. 1823; Vermehrte Gedichte, Coserow, 1824; Proben Geistlicher Lieder, Stralsund, 1834; Gedichte, Leipzig, 1835, &c.; and also in Knapp's Christoterpe and Evangelischer Lieder-Schatz Meinhold's hymns are of considerable interest. Those translated into English are:— i. Guter Hirt, du hast gestillt. Death of a Child. This beautiful little hymn is in his Gedichte, Leipzig, 1835, vol. i., p. 38, in 3 st. of 6 1., and headed, "Sung in four parts beside the body of my little fifteen months' old son Joannes Ladislaus." (In reply to inquiries addressed to Crummin in January, 1888, Provinzial-Vikar Bahr has kindly informed me that this child was born at Crummin April 16, 1832, died there, of teething, on July 2, and was buried there, July 5, 1833.) It is included in Knapp's Evangelischer Lieder-Schatz, 1837, No. 3411 (1865, No. 2983). Translated as :— Gentle Shepherd, Thou hast still'd. A full and very good translation by Miss Winkworth, in her Lyra Gemanica, 2nd Ser., 1858, p. 122. This has passed, unaltered, into many recent hymnals, as the People's Hymnal, 1867, Hymnary, 1872, Hymnal Companion, 1876, &c.; and in America, into the Presbyterian Hymnal, 1874, Evangelical Hymnal, N. Y., 1880, and others. In the Appendix of 1868 to Hymns Ancient & Modern, it was included as No. 358, with long in st. i., 1. 2, altered to brief, and beginning, "Tender Shepherd, Thou hast stilled." This form has been followed in the Society for Promoting Chrisian Knowledge Church Hymns, 1871, Baptist Hymnal, 1879, &c.; and in America, in the Episcopal Hymnal, 1871, Hymns & Songs of Praise, N.Y., 1874, Laudes Domini, N. Y., 1884, and many others. ii. 0 Bethlehem! 0 Bethlehem! Was ist in dir geschehen. Christmas. This fine hymn is in the Appendix to Knapp's Evangelischer Lieder-Schatz, 1837, p. 837, and in Knapp's Christoterpe, 1838, p. 152, in 7 st. of 7 1. Translated as "0 Bethlehem! 0 Bethlehem!" by Dr. H. Mills, 1845 (1856, p. 272). [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)

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