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Wolfgang Christoph Dessler

1660 - 1722 Hymnal Number: 150 Author of "Mein Jesu, dem die Seraphinen" in Deutsches Gesangbuch Dessler, Wolfgang Christoph, son of Nicolaus Dessler, jeweller, at Nürnberg, was born at Nürnberg, Feb. 11, 1660. His father wished him to become a goldsmith, but, as he was not physically suited for this, he was permitted to begin the study of theology at the University of Altdorf. His poverty and bodily weakness forced him to leave before completing his course, and, returning to Nurnberg, he supported himself there as a proof reader. Becoming acquainted with Erasmus Finx or Francisci, then residing in Nürnberg, he was employed by Finx as his amanuensis, and at his request translated many foreign religious works into German. In 1705 he was appointed Conrector of the School of the Holy Ghost at Nürnberg, where he laboured with zeal and acceptance till 1720, when, by a stroke of paralysis, he was forced to resign. Finally, after an illness which lasted about 35 weeks, he died at Nürnberg, March 11,1722. Of his hymns, in all over 100, the best appeared, many with melodies by himself, in his volume of meditations entitled:— Gottgeheiligter Christen Nützlich Ergetzende Seelenlust unter den Blumen Gottliches Worts, oder andächtige Betrachtungen und Gedanken über unterschiedliche erläuterte Schriftspruche, &c. Nürnberg, 1692 [Berlin] (Koch, iii. 531-535, and iv. 566-567). From this work (the references to which have been kindly supplied by Dr. Zahn of Altdorf, from his copy), five hymns have been translated into English, viz.:— Hymns in English common use:— i. Ich lass dich nicht, du musst mein Jesus bleiben. [Constancy to Christ.] Founded on Genesis xxxii. 36. First published 1692, as above, p. 553, along with Meditation xviii., which is entitled "The striving love." Wetzel (A. H., vol. i., pt. iv., p. 20) says it was sung, at her re¬quest, Sept. 5, 1726, at the deathbed of Christiana Eberhardina, a pious Queen of Poland. In the Berlin Geistliche Liedersegen

August Gottlieb Spangenberg

1704 - 1792 Person Name: Aug. G. Spangenberg Hymnal Number: 204 Author of "Die Kirche Christi, die Er geweiht" in Deutsches Gesangbuch Spangenberg, August Gottlieb, son of Georg Spangenberg, Lutheran pastor at Klettenberg near Nordhausen, was born at Klettenberg, July 15, 1704. He entered the University of Jena in 1722, as a student of law, but soon abandoned law for the study of theology. He lived in the house of Professor Buddeus, graduated M.A. in 1726, and for some time lectured there. In Sept. 1732 he went to Halle as adjunct of the Theological faculty and superintendent of the Orphanage schools. Here he associated himself with the Separatists, and by an edict from Berlin was deprived of his offices, and, on April 8, 1733, was expelled from Halle. He at once proceeded to Herrnhut, and was received into the Moravian Community, with which he had become acquainted as early as 1727. In 1735 he accompanied the Moravian colony which settled in Georgia, and served also in Pennsylvania and in the Island of St. Thomas. He returned to Germany in 1739, and was for some time at Marienborn in Hesse. In Sept. 1741 he was present at an important Moravian Conference in London, and was there appointed a member of the Unity's Direction, and also director of their financial affairs. While in England he founded, in 1742, the first English Moravian settlement, at Smith House in Yorkshire. He was then, on June 15, 1744, consecrated at Herrenhaag as Moravian Bishop for North America, and from that time till 1762 was for the most part in America, working principally in Pennsylvania, and among the Indians, and paying two visits to Europe. In 1762 he became the senior member of the Unity's Direction as successor to Zinzendorf, and thereafter resided for the most part either at Herrnhut or at Barby. The last years of his life were spent at Berthelsdorf near Herrnhut, where he resigned his offices in Sept. 1791, and died Sept. 18, 1792. (Koch, v. 337; G. F. Otto's Lexicon Oberlausizischer Schriftsteller, iii. 306; Herzog's Real-Encyklopädie, xiv., 460, &c.) Spangenberg was an earnest and able man, was much beloved and respected, and was entrusted by the Brethren with many important missions, being e.g. the principal agent in the negotiations between the Moravians and the British Government. He did good service both in consolidating the Moravian organization and by untiring labours in America. His Autobiography appeared in 1784. He also wrote a life of Zinzendorf, in 8 vols., published at Barby 1772-75. His other chief work is his Idea fidei fratrum, &c, Barby, 1779 (English tr. as An Exposition of Christian Doctrine, as taught in the Protestant Church of the United Brethren, &c, London, 1784), which is accepted as an authorised exposition of the Moravian theology. He only wrote a few hymns, which are of fervent but rational piety, but do not entitle him to high rank as a, hymnwriter. They were mostly written before 1746. Ten of them are included in the Brüder Gesang-Buch of 1778. Of these ten hymns the following may be noted here:— i. Der König runt, und schauet doch. Christian Works. First published as No. 1004 in Appendix, i., 1737, to the Herrnhut Gesang-Buch 1735, and is in 8 stanzas of 10 lines. Tr. as:— High on His everlasting Throne. This is a spirited but free translation by J. Wesley, in Hymns & Sacred Poems, 1742. ii. Die Kirche Christi ist hin und her. Unity of the Christian Church. The hymn has been translated as:— The Church of Christ that He hath hallow'd here. This is a good translation of st. i.-iii. of the 1778 by Miss Winkworth, in her Lyra Germanica, 2nd Ser., 1858, p. 58. iii. Heilige Einfalt, Gnadenwunder. Christian Simplicity. This is an excellent picture of his own Christian character. According to Bunsen, 1833, p. 904, it was written as a birthday hymn for his sister. The date which Bunsen gives for its composition (1744) is probably a misprint for 1741. Translated as:— 1. When simplicity we cherish. This is given in 14 stanzas as No. 387 in pt. ii., 1746, of the Moravian Hymn Book. In the 1789 and later eds. (1849, No. 603) it is reduced to 6 stanzas, and is entirely rewritten, save the opening line. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] --Excerpts from John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)

Josua Wegelin

1604 - 1640 Hymnal Number: 144 Author of "Auf Christi himmelfahrt allein" in Deutsches Gesangbuch Wegelin, Josua, D.D., son of Johann Wegelin, or Wegelein, then superintendent (Ephorus) of the Evangelical college at Augsburg, was born at Augsburg Jan. 11, 1604. After studying at the University of Tübingen (M.A. 1626), he was for a short time pastor at Budweiler, and was appointed in 1627 fourth diaconus of the Franciscan (Barfüsser) church at Augsburg. In 1629, along with 13 other Evangelical pastors, he was compelled to leave Augsburg by the decree of Restitution enacted by the Emperor Ferdinand III. After Gustavus Adolphus had become master of the city, in 1632, Wegelin was recalled to the Barfüsser Kirche as archidiaconus. In 1633 he was appointed preacher at the Hospital Church of the Holy Ghost, but in 1635, as a result of the battle of Nordlingen (Sept., 1634), he was again forced to flee from Augsburg. He found refuge at Pressburg, in Hungary, where he became pastor, and afterwards Senior, Inspector, and Doctor of Theology. He died at Pressburg, Sept. 14, 1640 (Koch, iii. 169; Goedeke's Grundriss, vol. iii. 1887, p 161, &c). Wegelin's hymns are simple and natural, and are the productions of an earnest, true-hearted and good pastor rather than of a skilful poet. Goedeke, as above, gives lists of their first lines from his (1) Augspurger Bet Büchlein, Nürnberg, 1636, and from his (2) Hand-Land-un Stand-Büchlein, Nürnberg, 1637 [Gottingen Library]. Some 20 of his hymns were included in J. M. Dilherr's Gesang-Buch, Nürnberg, 1654, and other collections of the 17th century. The only hymn by Wegelin which has passed into English is:— Allein auf Christi Himmelfahrt. Ascension. This is his most popular hymn. First published 1636 in 3 stanzas of 7 lines entitled, "iv. Short Psalm of Praise on the Ascension of Christ; " repeated in Dilherr's Gesang-Buch, 1654, p. 394. In the Lüneburg Gesang-Buch, 1661, No. 112, it is recast and begins, "Auf Christi Himmel-Fart allein.” Translated as:— 1. Raise your Devotion, mortal Tongues. By J. C. Jacobi, in his Psalt. Germanica, 1722, p. 24; repeated, altered, in his 2nd ed., 1732, p. 41. 2. Since Christ is gone to heaven, His home. This is a good translation from the second form, by Miss Winkworth, in her Lyra Germanica, 2nd ser., 1858, p. 47; and in Schaff s Christ in Song, 1869, p. 314. In her Chorale Book for England, 1863, No. 64, it is altered in metre. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] -- Excerpts from John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)

Georg Ernst Waldau

1745 - 1817 Hymnal Number: 409 Author of "Von Dir, du Gott der Einigkeit" in Deutsches Gesangbuch Pastor, historian, philologist

Karl Gerok

1815 - 1890 Hymnal Number: 501 Author of "Sei willkommen, Tag des Herrn" in Deutsches Gesangbuch Gerok, Karl von, D.D , was born January 30, 1815, at Stuttgart, and studied theology at the University of Tubingen. He was, from 1836 to 1840, assistant at his father's church in Stuttgart; 1840-43, lecturer (repetent) at Tübingen, and after 1844 diaconus at Böblingen, near Stuttgart. In 1849 he returned to preach at Stuttgart, where he now resides (1886), as chief court preacher and oberconsistorialrath (0. Kraus, 1879, p. 165: manuscript from Dr. von Gerok, &c). Gerok is well known as an eloquent preacher, and has published various volumes of sermons. His fame principally rests on his sacred poetry. The best known of his poetical works is his Palmblätter, 1857, which has attained a wonderful circulation, and reached a 56th edition in 1886. A new series appeared in 1878 as Palmblätter Neue Folge (9th ed., 1885, under the title Auf einsamen Gängen). A series of poems on the Book of the Acts of the Apostles appeared as Pfingstrosen, 1864, (8th ed. 1886). His other poetical works are, Die letzte Strauss, 1885 (5th ed., 1886), Blumen und Sterne, 1867 (11th ed., 1886), and Deutsche Ostern, 1872(6th ed., 1883). The Palmblätter is in four parts: pt. 1 consisting of poems on Holy Words, i.e. mostly founded on sayings of Holy Scripture; pt. ii. on "Holy Times" (Advent, &c); pt. iii. on "Holy Mountains," and pt. iv. on "Holy Waters," i.e. on Mountains and Waters mentioned in Holy Scripture. From it a few centos have passed into some of the recent German hymn-books; and a version apparently including translations of all the poems in the ed. of the German used appeared in English as Palm leaves by Karl Gerok. Translated from the German by J. E. A. Brown. London: Strahan & Co., 1869. A large number of the individual poems have also been tr, by Miss Borthwick (who has also translated a few from the Pfingstrosen), Miss Burlingham, the Revs. Dr. R. Maguire, E, Massie, J. Kelly, and various others. But as none of these versions have passed into English common use, and as the originals are poems and not hymns, we must refer the reader to the works of these translators. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology

Johann Gottfried Schöner

1749 - 1818 Hymnal Number: 443 Author of "Himmelan, nur himmelan" in Deutsches Gesangbuch Schöner, Johann Gottfried, son of J. G. Schöner, pastor at Rügheim, near Hassfurt, Bavaria, was born at Rügheim, April 15, 1749. He studied at the universities of Leipzig and Erlangen. In 1772 he became tutor in the family of Herr von Winkler at Nürnberg, by whose influence he was appointed, in Sept. 1773, preacher at St. Margaret's chapel, in the Kaiserburg, at Nürnberg. He was then appointed, in 1783, diaconus of St. Mary's church, and in 1783 diaconus of St. Lawrence's church, where, in 1809, he became chief pastor (Stadtpfarrer). After 1799 he suffered greatly from nervous affections, and in October 1817, he had to resign his offices. He died at Nürnberg, June 28, 1818. (Koch vi. 399; Heerwagen ii. pp. 32, 262, &c.) Schöner was a popular preacher, and was specially successful with children. He took a great interest in the circulation of the Bible, and founded the Nürnberg Bible Society in 1805. His hymns are the fruit of genuine and earnest piety, and attained considerable popularity. A number were printed separately, or in magazines. The more important of the collected editions are (1) Einige Lieder zur Erbauung, Nürnberg, 1777 [Berlin Library]. (2) Vermischte geistliche Lieder und Gedichte, Nürnberg, 1790. (3) Vollständige Sammlung der geistlichen Lieder und Gedichte von Johann Gott¬fried Schöner, Nürnberg, 1810. Those of Schöner's hymns which have passed into English are:— i. Erhebt euch, frohe Lobgesänge. Holy Matri¬mony. Included 1790, as above, p. 51, in 7 stanzas of 6 lines, entitled "After a Marriage." It is one of the best hymns on the subject. It was included, but greatly altered, and in 12 st. (st. iii.—v., vii., ix., being added), as No. 490 in J. E. Gossner's Sammlun, 3rd ed. 1825, beginning " Erhebt euch, frohe Jubellieder." The translation in common use is:— Raise high the notes of exultation. A good translation, from Bunsen, by Miss Cox, in her Sacred Hymns from the German, 1841, p. 71. Another tr. is: "Lift up yourselves, ye joyous strains." In the British Magazine, Nov. 1837, p. 517. ii. Himmel an, nur Himmel an. Longing for Heaven. Included 1810, as above, p. 198, in 10 st. of 8 lines, entitled "Our Conversation is in Heaven, Phil. iii. 20. A call to all Christians." The translation in common use is:— Heavenward, still heavenward. In full, by Dr. H. Mills, in his Horae Germanica, 1845, p. 163, included, abridged, in M. W. Stryker's Christian Chorals, 1885. Other hymns by Schöner are:— iii. Der Glaube fehlt, und darum fehlen. Faith. On the evils of feeble faith. Translated as, "Faith fails; Then in the dust," by Miss Warner, 1858, p. 427. iv. Es dankt mein Herz! Es jauchzt mein Lied. Pilgrim Song. Tr. as, "O Christ, in gladsome faith arise," by Dr. G. Walker, 1860, p. 95. v. Friedefürst, vernimm mein Flehen. Passiontide. In 1790 as above, p. 16, in 7 st. of 8 1., entitled " Appropriation of the sorrows of Jesus. Pagsion Hymn." In his ed. 1810, p. 18, altered and beginning, " Friedefürst zu dem wir flehen," and in 8 st. vi. Ich blick in jene Höhe. Longing for Heaven. In 1777 as above, p. 32, in 14 st. of 4 1., entitled "Removal from the World." Repeated 1790, p. 84, and in Knapp's Evangelischer Lieder-Schatz, 1837 and 1865. Translated as "Mine eyes are thither turning," in the British Herald, July 1866, p. 297, and Reid's Praise Book, 1872. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] --Excerpts from John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)

Karl Rudolf Hagenbach

1801 - 1874 Person Name: Carl Rudolph Hagenbach Hymnal Number: 358 Author of "Stille halten deinem Walten" in Deutsches Gesangbuch Hagenbach, Carl Rudolph, D.D., s. of C. F. Hagenbach, professor of medicine at Basel, was born at Basel, March 4, 1801. He studied at the Universities of Basel, Bonn, and Berlin. He returned to Basel in 1823 as University lecturer on Church history, was appointed ordinary professor of Church history in 1829, and died at Basel, June 7, 1874 (Koch, vii. 95, 96; Allg. Deutsche Biographie, x. 344, 345, &c). His hymns appeared principally in his Gedichte, Basel, 1846. Two are translated:— i. Du Quell, der alle Herzen tranket. Passiontide. On Christ thirsting on the cross. 1846, as above, vol. i. p. 33, in 4 stanzas. Translated as "Thou fountain for the panting heart," by J. Kelly, 1885, p. 40. ii. Stille halten deinem Walten. Resignation. On patient waiting on God, founded on Ps. lxii. 2. In his Gedichte, 1846, vol. i. p. 85, in 8 stanzas of 6 lines; and in Knapp's EvangelicherLieder Schatz, 1850, No. 1947. Translated as:— Since thy Father's arm sustains thee, a free tr. of st. i.-v. in the Family Treasury, 1861, p. 293; and in the Gilman-Schaff Library of Religious Poetry, ed. 1883, p. 525, marked as tr. by “H. A. P." Included as No. 884 in Laudes Domini, N. Y., 1884. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology

Gottfried Menken

1768 - 1831 Hymnal Number: 499 Author of "Die ihr den Heiland kennt und liebt" in Deutsches Gesangbuch

Caspar von Warnberg

Hymnal Number: 454 Author of "Freu dich sehr, o meine Seele" in Deutsches Gesangbuch

Caspar Heunisch

1620 - 1690 Hymnal Number: 487 Author of "O Ewigkeit, du Freudenwort" in Deutsches Gesangbuch Heunisch, Caspar, was born July 17, 1620, at Schweinfurt, in Franconia. After graduating at Jena, he became, in 1645, pastor at Priesensbausen, near Schweinfurt; in 1646 at Oberndorf; and in 1647 diaconus at Schweinfurt. He died as superintendent at Schweinfurt, Oct. 18, 1690 (Wetzel, iv. 237-238). One of his hymns has been translated into English:— O Ewigkeit! du Freudenwort. Eternal Life. Included as No. 490 in the Schleusingen Gesang-Buch, 1688 [Ducal Library, Wernigerode], in 9 stanzas of 8 lines, signed M. C. H., i.e. Magister Caspar Heunisch. It is a companion hymn to "O Ewigkeit, du Donnerwort" (q.v.), by Rist. The translations are: (1) "Eternity! delightful sound," by J.C. Jacobi, 1722, p. 101 (1732, p. 209). (2) "Eternity! that word, that joyful word," by Miss Fry, 1845, p. 112. (3) "Eternity! O word of joy," by Miss Burlingham, in the British Herald, Sept. 1865, p. 142, repeated in Reid's Praise Book, 1872. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology