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Ernst Lange

1650 - 1727 Hymnal Number: 319 Author of "Unter jenen grossen guetern" in Deutsches Gesangbuch Lange, Ernst, was born at Danzig, Jan. 3, 1650, where his father, Matthias Lange, was in the service of the Senate. He was for some time secretary in Danzig, and thereafter in Warsaw. In 1691 he was appointed judge in the Altstadt of Danzig, and in 1694 senator. He died at Danzig, Aug. 20, 1727 (Bode, p. 103; Allegemeine Deutsche Biographie, xvii. 623, &c). After a visit to the Netherlands in 1698, Lange allied himself with the Mennonites and Pietists in Danzig, and came into conflict with the Lutheran clergy. His hymns were mostly written about the time when the pestilence visited Danzig, in 1710, and principally appeared in his LXI. Gott geheiligte Stunden, without place or date of publication., but probably at Danzig, 1711 (Preface dated "Danzig, Feb. 12, 1711"). The idea of this work was as a thankoffering for preservation during this trying time; and it embraced 61 hymns, viz., one for each year of his life. A number of additional hymns seem to have been contributed in manuscripts to Freylinghausen's Neues geistreiches Gesang-Buch, 1714. Lange's hymns which have passed into English are:— i. Im Abend blinkt der Morgenstern. Epiphany, 1711, as above, p. 4, in 19 stanzas of 4 lines, entitled, "The Saviour Who appeared at Bethlehem to the Wise men from the East, set forth; from Matt. ii. 1-12." A new stanza was added as xx. (probably from his MS.), when the hymn was included by Freylinghausen, 1714, No. 59. Repeated, abridged, in Knapp's Evangelischer Lieder-Schatz, 1837, No. 435 (1865, No. 414). The translation in common use is:— The wondering sages trace from far. A translation of stanzas i., ii., xx., by Miss Cox, in her Sacred Hymns from the German, 1841, p. 23 (1864, p. 43). Repeated in Hedge & Huntington's American Hymns for the Church of Christ, Boston, 1853; Schaff's Christ in Song, 1869 and 1870, &c. Another translation is: "At eve appears the Morning Star," by Lady E. Fortescue, 1843, p. 5. ii. 0 Gott, du Tiefe sonder Grund. God's Majesty, First printed as No. 140, in Freylingkausen, 1714> in 10 stanzas of 141.; repeated in the Berlin Geistliche Lieder, ed. 1863. F. Schleiermacher called it "A masterpiece of sacred poetry." The translation in common use is :— 0 God, Thou bottomless abyss. A spirited tr., omitting stanzas vi., ix., and in 8 stanzas of 12 lines, by J. Wesley, in his Collection of Psalms & Hymns, Charlestown, 1737, No. 16, and the Wesley Hymns and Sacred Poems, 1739 (Poetical Works, 1868-72, vol. i. p. 143). The lines— "Thy wakened wrath doth slowly move, Thy willing mercy flies apace" are adapted from the New Version of Ps. ciii. 8. The hymn passed into the Wesleyan Hymn Book, 1780, in two parts, Nos. 231 and 232 (ed. 1875, Nos. 240, 241). In other hymn-books it has appeared in a variety of centos. As these are all from the text of the Wesleyan Hymn Book, more or less altered and transposed, it will suffice to give their first lines with references to the text of 1780. These centos include:— (1) While Thee, Unsearchable, I set (i., line 9 alt.). Martineau's Hymns, 1840. (2) Unchangeable, all-perfect Lord (ii., line 9). Longfellow & Johnson's Book of Hymns, Boston, U.S., 1848. (3) Thy parent-hand, Thy forming skill (iii). American Methodist Episcopal South Collection, 1847. (4) Thou, true and only God, lead'st forth (v.). Wesleyan Hymn Book, 1780, No. 232. (5) Thine, Lord, is Wisdom, Thine alone. Wesleyan Hymn Book (vi.). Scottish Evangelical Union Hymn, 1856. (6) Parent of good! Thy bounteous hand (vii.). Martineau's Hymns, 1840. (7) Parent of good! Thy genial ray (vii. alt.). Dr. Thomas's Augustine Hymn Book, 1866. These details show the extensive use of this hymn in English-speaking countries. Another translation is, "O God, Thou bottomless Abyss! How shall I competently know Thee," as No. 673 in pt. i. of the Moravian Hymn Book, 1754. In the edition 1886, No. 174, it begins, "O God, Thou fathomless abyss." iii. Unter denen grossen Gütern. Brotherly Love, or, Quinquagesima. A fine paraphrase of 1 Cor. xiii. First published 1711, as above, p. 37, in 5 stanzas of 10 1., entitled, "The preeminence of Love. From 1 Cor. xiii. 1, 2, 3, 13." When included as No. 423, in Freylinghausen, 1714, a new stanza was added as stanza vi., and this form is No. 798 in the Univerfälschter Liedersegen, 1851. Translated as:— Many a gift did Christ impart. A full and good translation by Miss Winkworth, in her Lyra Germanica, 1855, p. 50; repeated, abridged, in Kennedy, 1863. In the American Unitarian Hymns of the Spirit, Boston, 1864, and in the Laudes Domini, N. Y. 1884, &c., it begins with the translation of stanza ii., line 5, "Though I speak with angel tongues." [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] --John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)

Rud. Duenger

Hymnal Number: 473 Author of "Hoert was des vaters stimme spricht" in Deutsches Gesangbuch

Martin Schalling

1532 - 1608 Hymnal Number: 310 Author of "Herzlich Lieb hab ich Dich, o Herr" in Deutsches Gesangbuch Schalling, Martin, son of Martin Schalling, sometime pastor at Strassburg (after 1543, pastor at Weitersweiler, near Saarbrücken), was born at Strassburg, April 21, 1532. He matriculated, in 1550, at the University of Wittenberg, where he became a favourite pupil of Melanchthon, and a great friend of Nicolaus Selnecker. After taking his M.A., he continued, for a short time, at Wittenberg as lecturer; and then became, in 1554, diaconus at Regensburg. The Superintendent at Regensburg, at that time, was Nicolaus Gallus, a strong partisan of Matthias Flach; and as Schalling thought it his duty to preach against Flacianism he had to give up his post in 1558; but soon after was appointed diaconus at Amberg, in Bavaria (Oberpfalz). When, in 1568, after the Elector Friedrich III., of the Palatinate, had adopted Calvinistic opinions as to order of service, &c, all the Lutheran clergy who would not conform were expelled, Schalling had to leave Amberg. But as Duke Ludwig, the son of the Elector, continued a Lutheran, he allowed Schalling to minister to the Lutherans at Vilseck, near Amberg. After Ludwig became Regent of the Oberpfalz he recalled Schalling to Amberg, in 1576, as court preacher and superintendent; and when, after his father's death, on Oct. 24, 1576, he became Elector of the Pfalz, he appointed Schalling as General-Superintendent of the Oberpfalz, and also court preacher at Heidelberg. But when the clergy of the Oberpfalz were pressed to sign the Formula of Concord, Schalling hesitated to subscribe, holding that it dealt too harshly with the followers of Melanchthon. For this action he was banished from the court at Heidelberg; and after being confined to his house at Amberg, from 1580 to March 1583, he was finally deprived of his offices. Thereafter he stayed for some time at Altdorf, but was appointed, 1585, pastor of St. Mary's church in Nürnberg, where he remained until blindness compelled him to retire. He died at Nürnberg, Dec. 19 (29), 1608 (Koch, ii. 282, &c.). Though the above notice might seem to indicate that Schalling was an ardent polemic, yet this was not so. He was naturally a moderate man, and a man of peace; but during the period of 1550 to 1600, Protestant Germany was rent asunder by all manner of controversies, in which hardly any one with a conscience or an opinion could avoid being involved. Only one hymn by him is known, but that justly ranks among the classic hymns of Germany. It is:— Herzlioh Lieb hab ich dich, 0 Herr. For the Dying. This was, apparently, written about 1567, and was first published in Kurtze und sonderliche Newe Symbola etlicher Fürsten, &c. Nürnberg, 1571; and thence in Wackernagel, iv., p. 788, in 3 stanzas of 12 lines… The translations in common use are:— 1. Thee, Lord, I love with sacred Awe. In full, by J. C. Jacobi, in his Psalmodia Germanica, pt. ii., 1725. p. 51 (1732, p.194); repeated in the Moravian Hymn Book, 1754, pt. i., No. 312… 2. My heart, 0 Lord, its love on Thee. A good and full translation by A. T. Russell, as No. 185, in his Psalms & Hymns, 1851. 3. With all my heart I love Thee, Lord. A good and full translation by H. G. de Bunsen, for Mercer's C. Psalm and Hymn Book, ed. 1857, No. 105 4. Lord, all my heart is fixed on Thee. A good and full translation by Miss Winkworth, in her Lyra Germanica, 2nd Ser., 1858, p. 164. Other translations are:— (l) "I love Thee, Lord, with love sincere." By Dr. H. Mills, 1845, p. 80 (1856, p. 112). (2) "0 Lord! I love Thee from my heart." In Schaff’s Christ in Song, 1869, p. 609. (3) “Lord, Thee I love with all my heart." By R. Massie, in the Day of Rest 1811. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] --Excerpts from John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)

Gottlob Baumann

1794 - 1856 Hymnal Number: 226 Author of "Der im Heiligthum Du wohnest" in Deutsches Gesangbuch

Christian Gottlob Kern

1792 - 1835 Person Name: Christian Gottlieb Kern Hymnal Number: 249 Author of "Preis Dir, O Vater und O Sohn!" in Deutsches Gesangbuch Kern, Christian Gottlob, was born Jan. 13, 1792, at Söhnstetten, near Heidenheim, Württemberg, where his father was pastor. After the completion of his theological studies at Tübingen he was for two years assistant clergyman at Plochingen. In 1817 he became Theological Tutor (repetent) at Tübingen, in 1820 Second Pastor (Heifer) at Besigheim, and, in 1824, Preacher and Professor at the Clergy School of Schönthal. He finally became, in 1829, Pastor of Dürrmenz-Mühlacker, near Pforzheim, and died there Aug. 5, 1835 (Koch, vii. 210; Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, xv. 632). His hymns appeared mostly in Knapp's Christoterpe. One has been translated, viz.:— Wie könnt ich sein vergessen. Holy Communion. This beautiful hymn was first published in Knapp's Christoterpe, 1837, p. 192, in 5 st. of 8 1., headed "At the Celebration of Holy Communion." Included in Knapp's Evangelischer Lieder-Schatz, 1837, No. 966 (1865, No. 948), the Württemberg Gesang-Buch, 1842, and others. Dr. Schaff, in his Deutsches Gesang-Buch, J874, No. 171, gives it from a MS. copy supplied by the daughter of the author, and says it was written in 1820. Translated as:— Oh how could I forget Him? A full and very good translation by Miss Winkworth, in her Lyra Germanica, 2nd Ser., 1858, p. 101; and thence in Schaff’s Christ in Song, 1869, p. 622. Abridged in her C. B. for England, 1863; in Holy Song, 1869; in the College Hymnal, N. Y., 1876, and others. Another tr. is, "Will not my memory treasure," in J. D. Burns's Memoir & Remains, 1869, p. 271. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)

Christoph Wegleiter

1659 - 1706 Hymnal Number: 237 Author of "Beschwertes Herz, leg' ab die Sorgen" in Deutsches Gesangbuch Wegleiter, Christoph, son of Leonhardt Wegleiter, bookkeeper at Nürnberg, was born at Nürnberg, April 22, 1659. In 1676 he matriculated at the University of Altdorf, and so distinguished himself by his poetic gifts that he was, in 1679, received by S. von Birken as a member of the Pegnitz Shepherd and Flower order, and in 1680 was at once capped M.A. and laureated as a poet. After studying at other German universities, and making a lengthened tour (1685-88) in Germany, Holland, and England, he was appointed, in 1688, Professor of Theology at the University of Altdorf, and also diaconus of the Town Church there; receiving from the University the degree of D.D. in 1697. He died at Altdorf Aug. 16(13?), 1706 (Koch, iii., 502 ; Blätter für Hymnologie, 1885, p. 178 ; 1886, p. 157; 1887, pp. 30, 31; Will's Nürnbergisches Gelehrten Lexicon, pt. iv. p. 187, &c). Wegleiter was a successful professor, and an edifying preacher of the school of Spener and Francke. His hymns, some 25 in all, are thoughtful, original, and devout, but somewhat artificial in style. Six were contributed to the 2nd edition, 1691, of the Peguitz Society's Poetischer Andachtsklang, and the rest appeared in various hymnbooks of the period. The only hymn by Wegleiter which has passed into English is:— Beschwertes Herz, leg ab die Sorgen. Sunday Morning. First published in the Geistliche Hertzens-Music, Schleusingen, 1701, No. 497, in 8 stanzas of 8 lines, entitled "Sunday Hymn," and marked as by "D. Christ. Wegleiter." Included in the Unverfälschter Liedersegen , 1851. Sometimes erroneously ascribed to B. W. Marperger. Translated as:— Encumber'd heart! lay by thy sorrow. This is a good translation, omitting stanzas vi., vii., by Miss Cox, in her Sacred Hymns from German, 1841, p. 59. Her translations of stanzas iii., iv., 1l.1-4; viii., 11. 1-4, beginning, "My God, I now appear before Thee," are included in the Hedge & Huntington Hymns for the Church of Christ, Boston, U.S., 1853, No. 9. Other translations are:— (1) “O'erburden'd Heart, thy Labour banish," by H. J. Buckoll, 1842, p. lines (2) "Now weary heart! thy cares dismiss," by Lady E. Fortescue, 1843, p. 15. (3) "Now, heavy heart, away with sorrow," by Miss Manington, 1863, p. 147. (4) "My burdened heart, throw off thy cares," by Dr. J. Guthrie, 1869, p. 114. (5) "O burden'd heart, cast off thy sorrow." This is No. 1012 in Reid's Praise Book, 1872. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)

Frederic Adolphus Krummacher

1767 - 1845 Person Name: Friedrich Adolph Krummacher Hymnal Number: 98 Author of "Als Nacht und Todesschatten" in Deutsches Gesangbuch Krummacher, Friedrich Adolf, was a native of Tecklenburg, Westphalia, where his father, Friedrich Jacob Krummacher was Burgomaster and Hoffiscal. He was baptized there, July 22, 1767, and apparently born July 13, 1767. In 1786 he entered the University of Lingen (since 1819 ranked as a Gymnasium), and in 1787 that of Halle. After concluding his theological studies in 1789, he was for some time tutor in the family of Senator Meyer in Bremen; was then appointed, in 1790, Conrector of the Gymnasium at Hamm, and in 1793 Rector of the Gymnasium at Mors (Meurs), near Düsseldorf. In the end of 1800 he became Professor of Theology and Eloquence at the Reformed University of Duisburg. When, after the battle of Jena (Oct. 14, 1806), Duisburg was taken from Prussia, the salaries of the professors ceased, but Krummacher lectured on till his audience consisted of one student. He was then, in the autumn of 1807, appointed pastor of Kettwig, on the Ruhr; in 1812 Chief Court Preacher and General Superintendent at Bernburg; and finally, in 1824, he became chief pastor of the St. Ansgarius Church at Bremen. By reason of growing infirmities he resigned his charge in June, 1843, and died at Bremen, April 4, 1845 (0. Kraus, 1879, p. 310; Blätter für Hymnologie, 1886, p. 80, &c). Krummacher is best known as a preacher; and as the author of the well-known Parabeln, first published in 1805, which passed through many editions, and ranks as the standard German work of its class. His hymns are little suited for church use, being often allegorical and high-flown, and not for the most part sufficiently simple and direct, though in some cases he does write in a popular, natural style, and with a beauty of his own. His hymns mostly appeared in his Festbüchlein, a work consisting of allegorical narratives, conversations, &c, with interspersed hymns. Of this the 1st part, entitled Der Sonntag, was published 1808 (2nd ed. 1810; 3rd ed. 1813; 4th ed. 1819); pt. ii., entitled Das Christfest, in 1810 (2nd ed. 1814; 3rd ed. 1821); and pt. iii., entitled Das Neujahrsfest, in 1819. Those of Krummacher's hymns translated into English are:— i. Allgemach aus Dammerung und Nacht. Advent. In his Festbüchlein, pt. ii., 1810 (1814, p. 154), in 5 stanzas of 4 lines, entitled "The Prophets of Nature"; and given after the conversation on Zacharias, the father of St. John the Baptist. Included as No. 34 in J. P. Lange's Deutsches Kirchenliederbuch, Zurich, 1843. The unity of idea is violated by the concluding lines of st. v. "Wie die leisen Lispel den Propheten Einst auf Horeb's Felsenspitz umwehten." And thus in his preface, p. vii., Dr. Lange sug¬gests that st. v. should read thus:— "Allgemach und siegreich fort und fort Bricht durch unser Fleisch das ew'ge Wort; Die Propheten grüsst es durch Gesichte, Dann wird's Mensch und himmlische Geschichte." Translated as:— Slowly, slowly from the caves of night. A full and good tr. from Lange by Dr. Kennedy, as No. 42 in his Hymnologia Christiana, 1863. ii. Eine Heerde und ein Hirt. Missions. First published in the 3rd. ed., 1821, of pt. ii. of his Festbüchlein, p. 163, in 6 stanzas of 6 lines, at the close of the section on "Israel and the Strangers." In the Berlin Geistliche Lieder Schatz, ed. 1863, No. 1365, and many other recent collections. The translations are:— 1. One, only One, shall be the fold. By Miss Dunn, in her Hymns from the Germany 1857, p. 49. 2. One Shepherd and one fold to be. In Cantica Sanctorum, 1880, No. 96. iii. Ja furwahr! uns fiihrt mit sanfter Hand. Ps. xxiii. In his Festbüchlein, pt. i. (3rd ed. 1813, p. 118), in 5 stanzas of 4 lines, with Hallelujahs. It is given in the story of the festal rededication of a village church destroyed in time of war, as a choral hymn sung by boys and girls after the Holy Communion. In the Württemberg Gesang-Buch, 1842, No. 72. Translated as:— 1. Yes! our Shepherd leads with gentle hand, Through. A good and full translation by Miss Borthwick, in Hymns from the Land of Luther, 1st Ser., 1854, p. 59 (1884, p. 60), repeated in Kennedy, 1863; Mrs. Brock's Children's Hymn Book, 1881; the Christian Hymn Book, Cincinnati, 1865, and others. 2. Yea! our Shepherd leads, with gentle hand, Along. In full by M. W. Stryker, as No. 164 in his Christian Chorals, 1885. iv. Hag auch die Liebe weinen. Love, Faith and Hope. Festbüchlein, pt. i., 1808, p. 136, in 3 st. of 4 1., in the section entitled "The Setting Sun," for Sunday evening. It is appended to a story in which the father has been speaking of the Resurrection of Christ the Sun of Righteousness, as celebrated on that day, the hymn being introduced as sung by the family and neighbours, as he ceased to speak. Included in the Württemberg Gesang-Buch, 1842, No. 628. It is most suited to be sung at a choral funeral. Koch, 2nd ed., iv. p. 695, says it was sung at the author's funeral at Bremen, April 10, 1845, and that st. iii. is on the cross over his grave. He adds that stanzas i., iii. were sung July 17, 1850, at the funeral of Dr. August Neander, the church historian in Berlin; followed by an address by Krummacher’s son, Friedrich Wilhelm (author of the well-known Elijah, Elisha and other works). Tr. as:— Though Love may weep with breaking heart. A good and full translation by Miss Winkworth in her Lyra Germanica, 2nd Ser., 1858, p. 121. Repeated in Flett's Collection, Paisley, 1871, and in H. L. Hastings's Songs of Pilgrimage, 1887. Other translations are, (1) "Let love weep,—It cometh," by Miss Warner, 1858, p. 584. (2) "Yea, Love may weep when death prevails," by Dr. G. Walker, 1860, p. 57. A number of other pieces by Krummacher are translated in the Sacred Lyrics from the German, Philadelphia, 1859; by C. T. Brooks, 1847; by Mrs. Follen, 1851, and by Miss Fry, 1859. As they are poems rather than hymns they are not noted here. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] --John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)

Heinrich Georg Neuss

1654 - 1716 Hymnal Number: 282 Author of "Ein reines herz, Herr, schaff' in mir" in Deutsches Gesangbuch Neuss, Heinrich Georg, son of Andreas Neuss, surgeon at Elbingerode in the Harz, was born at Elbingerode, March 11, 1654, and entered the University of Erfurt in 1677 as a student of theology. In 1680 he became a private tutor at Heimburg, near Blankenburg, and then in 1683 conrector, and in 1684 rector of the school at Blankenburg in the Harz. In 1690 he was appointed assistant preacher at Wolfenbüttel, and soon afterwards diaconus of the Heinrichstadt church there. For holding prayer meetings, &c, he was denounced as a Pietist, and chose to resign rather than desist. In the same year, 1692, he became preacher at Hedwigsburg, and travelling Chaplain to Duke Rudolph August of Brunswick, who, at Easter, 1695, appointed him superintendent at Remlingen for the district of Asseburg. In 1696 he received the degree of D.D. from the University of Giessen, and became superintendent, consistorialrath, and chief pastor of the Church of Saints Sylvester and George at Wernigerode, being instituted on Feb. 6. His appointment there was at first unpopular, for he was suspected of Separatist tendencies, but he soon gained the love of the people by his earnest and loving practical Christianity, and by the interest he took in the development of Church music, for which under his care Wernigerode became famous in all the district. He died at Wernigerode, Sept. 30, 1716 (Koch, iv. 425; Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie xxiii. 556; Heinrich Georg Neuss. By Ed. Jacobs. In the Zeitschrift des Harz-Vereins, vol. xxi. 1888, p. 159, &c). The hymns of Neuss appeared principally in his Heb-Opfer zum Bau der Hütten Gottes, das ist, Geistliche Lieder, &c.; of this the first edition with 100 hymns was published at Lüneburg, 1692; and the 2nd edition, with 34 additional, at Wernigerode, 1703 [both in Berlin], most of the pieces bearing the dates of their composition. They were re ceived with great favour in Pietist circles, and Freylinghausen in his Geistreiches Gesang-Buch included no less than 38 (5 in pt. i., 1704; 33 in pt. ii., 1714). In the Werni¬gerode Gesang-Buch, 1712, edited by Neuss, 5 are included, and 5 more in the ed. of 1735. Only a few are found, in recent German collections. The 1703 edition of the Heb-Opfer had also 86 melodies, of which some 15 were by Neuss, and of these 15 passed into Freylinghausen's Gesang-Buch. In 1706 Neuss also published a collection of Brunnen-lieder at Pyrmont, for the frequenters of the Baths there. Only one of his hymns has passed into English, viz.:— Ein reines Herz, Herr, schaff in mir. Sanctification. A simple and beautiful hymn, first published in the 2nd edition, 1703, of his Heb-Opfer, p. 217, in 5 st. of 4 1. In the Berlin Geistliche Lieder, edition 1863, No. 380. Translated as:— A new and contrite heart create. A good and full translation by Miss Cox, in her Sacred Hymns from the German, 1841, p. 153 (1864, p. 177), repeated in the Baptist Hymnal, 1879. Another translation is:—- "Lord! grant a newborn heart to me," by Lady E. Fortescue, 1843, p. 58. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] --John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)