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Mary Mapes Dodge

1830 - 1905 Person Name: M. M. Dodge Hymnal Number: 242 Author of "Good news on Christmas morning" in Songs of Worship Mary Mapes Dodge is the often referred to as the "leader in juvenile literature" (Clarke, 1059), for she helped create and perpetuate the most widely circulated and read children's magazine during a time when American printing technology greatly improved and enabled the mass production of magazines and books. Dodge was born on January 26, 1831 in New York City. She grew up in a prominent family with two sisters. Her "own reminiscences were of 'a devoted father and mother and a happy childhood, a remarkably happy childhood, watched over with loving care'" (Gannon 3). Beginning in her early childhood, Dodge and her sisters were educated by a tutor in their home. Their father introduced them to a large variety of literature from the Bible to Shakespeare because at that time Dodge's father believed that children's literature was "a dreary wasteland" (Gannon 4). Dodge's early exposure to literature enabled her to develop a gift and appreciation for art, music, and writing. In her teenage years, Dodge could skillfully write and she assisted her father with his writings for pamphlets. In 1851 Mary celebrated her marriage to William Dodge, and within the next 4 years, she gave birth to two sons, James and Harrington. The Dodge family confronted several hardships throughout their life together. In 1857, William faced serious financial difficulties concerning debts and the destruction of the company he worked for. During that same year, at the age of six, their son James was diagnosed with a fatal sinus disease. The effect of these disastrous events caused William to leave his family in 1858. He left for a walk from which he never returned. A month after his disappearance his body was found dead from an apparent drowning. After the death of her husband, Mary was left in a bad financial position and with two sons to raise on her own. At this time, Mary "resolved 'to take up her life again in the old spirit of rejoicing; to rear and educate her boys as their father would have done; to do a man's work with the persistent application and faithfulness of a man, to gain a man's pay, yet to leave herself freedom and freshness to enter into all her children's interests and pursuits as their comrade and friend" (Gannon 7). Mary would not allow the unfortunate events of her husband's death and financial difficulty stand in her way from educating her sons and providing them with the life they deserved. In addition to educating her sons, she began writing and editing in 1859. Mary worked with her father to publish two magazines, the Working Farmer and the United States Journal. The editorial work she used for these magazines helped to shape her writing skills, which she later applied to edit the most successful children's magazine of her time. Some of Mary's early writings before the publication of St. Nicholas include The Irvington Stories (1864) and Hans Brinker (1865). Hans Brinker is by far Dodge's most well known story, for it was published in several languages all over the world and this classic was considered "the best and most faithful juvenile story" (Clarke 1063). Four years after the publication and success of Hans Brinker, Dodge began working for a newspaper known as Hearth and Home." Dodge worked on the juvenile and household departments under the editorship of Harriet Beecher Stowe. Roswell Smith, one of the founders of the children's magazine Scribner's Monthly, observed Dodge's work at Hearth and Home. Smith considered Dodge for the editor of his newly created children's magazine, St. Nicholas, named for the patron saint for children. Dodge faced a difficult decision because she wanted to pursue novel writing and other challenging fields, but her heart remained with children. "Many gifted men and women were writing novels; no one was doing all that could be done--ought to be done--for the boys and girls" (Clarke 1063), and thus Dodge accepted the position of editor for St. Nicholas. Dodge's goal for her children's magazine was to create literature that inspired and interested children. In 1873 she anonymously wrote for Scribner's Monthly,"a successful children's magazine "must not be a milk-and-water variety of the periodical for adults. In fact, it needs to be stronger, truer, bolder, more uncompromising than the other; its cheer must be the cheer of the bird-song; it must mean freshness and heartiness, life and joy" (Clarke 1063). Mary clearly illustrates here her intention for the path St. Nicholas. Mary hoped to portray the traditional values of society, to educate children, to provide enjoyable entertainment, and to prepare them for "life as it is" (Kelly 380). Dodge took careful consideration for the layout of her magazine so she could fulfill her goals for a successful children's magazine. Two important obstacles confronted Dodge when she considered the type of articles to include in her magazine. The first problem she faced was how to entice her readers and maintain their attention. Dodge's technique to overcome this problem was the use of "regular departments" and "reader involvement" (Gordon, 380). The most famous regular department found in her magazine was 'Jack-in-the-Pulpit'. 'Jack-in-the-Pulpit' was "the inimitably wise and witty little preacher whose tiny discourses of the keenest sense and most inspiriting nonsense, . . . were a feast for the mind and souls of young folks every month" (Clarke 1065). Jack was a maternal type character that reflected Dodge's own personality. Dodge hoped to instill value and morals into the children without directly preaching to them. Jack provided an advantageous resource for accomplishing this goal because he was witty, humorous, and sincere. The children reading the story could easily identify with Jack's "preachings" and accept them because they were not directly aimed at the reader. In addition, Dodge added two more characters, Deacon Green and Little Schoolma'am, to provide authority figures and the introduction of new and interesting knowledge for the readers. The second technique Dodge employed for her periodical was reader involvement. Dodge included two features, "The Puzzle Box" and "The Letter-Box." "The Puzzle Box" provided entertainment for the readers through riddles or games. The answers to these games, however, were not included in the issue of the magazine. Readers had to send their answers to the publisher for judging, and only then could they find out the true answers. "The Letter-Box" included letters written to Dodge from the readers. Publication for readers was not only included in this section, but Dodge also encouraged children to contribute their own literature to the magazine. St. Nicholas became one the most successful magazines for children during the second half of the nineteenth century. Circulation increased to almost 70,000 children all over the U.S. The success of this periodical can be attributed to Dodge's dedication and the many contributors. Dodge's persistence in finding extraordinary talents such as Louisa May Alcott, Rudyard Kipling, President Theodore Roosevelt, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and Sarah Orne Jewett provided a variety of intellectual and artistic material for children every month. St. Nicholas' began in 1873 and continued for the next 30 years with a few publications after Dodge's death in 1905. Dodges dedication to children is clearly evident in the hard work she devoted to this magazine. Dodge is an inspirational women who set goals people thought impossible, but ones she was able to achieve. In a memoir written after Dodge's death in a St. Nicholas publication, Dodge is described as a woman who put her heart into her work and achieved the goals she put forth. "What she attempted, she performed. There was no emergency, great or small, to which she was not equal; there was no Hill of Difficulty" (Clarke 1064). She was a woman to be truly admired, for her thirty years of work dedicated to children has influenced the world of periodicals ever since. --www.facstaff.bucknell.edu/gcarr/ (excerpts)

Samuel Miller Waring

1792 - 1827 Person Name: S. M. Waring Hymnal Number: 55 Author of "Now to Him who lov'd us, gave us" in Songs of Worship Waring, Samuel Miller, son of Jeremiah Waring, of Alton, Hampshire, and uncle of Anna L. Waring, was born at Alton, in March, 1792, and died at Bath, Sept. 19, 1827. His hymns appeared in his Sacred Melodies, 1826; and from that work the following, which are in common use were taken:— 1. Now to Him Who loved us, gave us. Praise to Jesus. Sometimes, "Unto Him Who loved us." 2. Plead Thou, 0 plead my cause. Jesus, the Advocate Implored. [George Arthur Crawford, M.A.] -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)

Archer T. Gurney

1820 - 1887 Person Name: A. T. Gurney Hymnal Number: 257 Author of "Christ is risen! Christ is risen!" in Songs of Worship Gurney, Archer Thompson, was born in 1820, and educated for the legal profession. He was called to the Bar at the Middle Temple, but in 1849 he entered Holy Orders. He held several appointments, including the Curacy of Buckingham, 1854-58; the Chaplaincy of the Court Church, Paris, 1858-71, and other charges. He died at Bath, March 21, 1887. His published works include:— Spring, 1853; Songs of the Present, 1854; The Ode of Peace, 1855; Songs of Early Summer, 1856; and A Book of Praise, 1862. To the Book of Praise he contributed 147 hymns. Very few of these are known beyond his own collection. He is widely known through his Easter hymn “Christ is risen, Christ is risen." His "Memory of the blest departed" (SS. Philip and James) is in the People's Hymnal, 1867. -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology

A. Edmonds Tozer

1857 - 1919 Person Name: A. E. Tozer Hymnal Number: 48 Composer of "JAZER" in Songs of Worship

Edwin Hodder

1837 - 1904 Person Name: E. Hodder Hymnal Number: 50 Author of "Thy Word is like a garden, Lord" in Songs of Worship Hodder, Edwin, published in 1863 The New Sunday School Hymn Book, and in 1868 a New and Enlarged edition of the same. To this collection he contributed 27 hymns, each of which is headed with his name. Of these nearly one half have passed into other hymnals for children, including Major; the Baptist Sunday School Hymn Book, 1880 ; the Sunday School Union Voice of Praise, 1886, and others. Born in 1838. --John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology, Appendix, Part II (1907) ======================= Hodder, Edwin, p. 1571, i., was b. Dec. 13, 1837, at Staines, Middlesex, and went to New Zealand in 1856. After his return he joined the English Civil Service in 1861, retiring in 1897, and finally resided at Henfield, Sussex. He d. March 1, 1904. He was the author of many works, biographical, devotional and other, the earliest being Memories of New Zealand Life, 1862, and the latest The Life of a Century, 1900. His hymns appeared in his New Sunday School Hymn Book, 1863, and 2nd ed. 1863, including:— 1. Father, give us now Thy blessing. Close of School. 2. Lord, we bring our work to Thee. Christian Service. 3. The night was wild, and stormy winds. It is I. 4. The Saviour loves all children. Jesus the Children's Friend. 5. Thy Word is like a garden, Lord. Holy Scripture. Of these Nos. 1, 3, 5, appeared in 1863, Nos. 2, 4 were added in 1868. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] --John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology, New Supplement (1907)

J. Remington Fairlamb

1838 - 1908 Person Name: J. R. Fairlamb Hymnal Number: 172 Composer of "[In heav'nly love abiding]" in Songs of Worship Mr. J. Remington Fairlamb received his first musical instruction at the hands of his mother. Although he was exceedingly fond of his music, while very young he was more fond of “dreaming” than of “practicing” at the piano. But at the age of twelve the boy came across a copy of Spohr’s oratorio ”The Last Judgment,” which seems to have satisfied his craving and shaped his career. When fourteen years of age he obtained a position as organist of the Western Methodist church, the first of its denomination in Philadelphia to obtain an organ. He afterwards filled the same position in the Tabernacle Baptist Church and succeeded one of the best church musicians of that city as organist and choir master of the Clinton Street Presbyterian church. During his twentieth year Mr. Fairlamb went to Europe and studied first in Paris, the piano under Marmoutel, voice under Masset, and harmony under Danhauser; subsequently he continued his studies under Mabellin in Florence Italy. Returning to America about the outbreak of the Civil War, and being incapacitated for military service by defective eyesight, Mr. Fairlamb accepted the position of Musical Director of the Church of the Epiphany in Washington, D.C. Here he enjoyed the acquaintance of many notable people, including President and Mrs. Lincoln. Being appointed United States consul at Zurich in Switzerland by Mr. Lincoln, he returned to Europe and remained there four years. His compositions number about two hundred in all. His music is distinguishable by dramatic intensity and orchestral ideas. He has published a part of a romantic opera, “Valeri,” and a quartet opera, “Love’s Stratagem.” His songs published in “St. Nicholas Songs” and “Harper’s Young People,” are so simple, quaint and delicate that, says a prominent New York contralto, he would live had he composed nothing else, forever in these.” His “Cradle Song” is a worthy specimen of this style of composition. Mr. Fairlamb has charge of societies in Newburgh, Hudson and Catskill. from The World's Best Music: Famous Songs and Those who Made Them Famous, Volume 1 By Frederic Dean, Reginald De Koven, Gerrit Smith

Thomas J. Potter

1828 - 1873 Person Name: T. J. Potter Hymnal Number: 193 Author of "Brightly gleams our banner" in Songs of Worship Potter, Thomas Joseph, was born at Scarborough in 1827, and joined the Roman Catholic Church in 1847, and subsequently took Holy Orders. For many years he filled the Chair of Pulpit Eloquence and English Literature in the Foreign Missionary College of All Hallows, Dublin. He published The Spoken Word; or, The Art of Extemporary Preaching; Sacred Eloquence, or, The Theory and Practice of Preaching; and The Pastor and his People; together with several tales. He translated the Vesper hymns in the Catholic Psalmist; contributed to the Holy Family Hymns, 1860; and published Legends, Lyrics, and Hymns, 1862. His most widely-known hymn is "Brightly gleams our banner" (q.v.). Several of his hymns and translations are in use in Roman Catholic hymnbooks for Missions and Schools. He died at Dublin in 1873. --John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907) ================ Potter, T. J., p. 901, ii., was b. June 9, 1828 (not in 1827), ordained 1857, and died Aug. 31, 1873. The hymn:— O! yet, once more, in Britain's isle [For the Conversion of England], in the Arundel Hymns, 1902, is stanzas 30, 31, 34, 35, 36 of a piece inhis Legends, Lyrics and Hymns, 1862. It is entitled "The Definition of the Immaculate Conception: or England and Rome," and marked as “Written several years ago .. to be spoken at the Feast of Languages, which is annually celebrated in the Propaganda College at Rome, on the Festival of the Epiphany, . . . now published for the first time." [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] --John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology, New Supplement (1907)

Anzentia Igene Perry Chapman

1849 - 1889 Person Name: Miss E. D. Chapman Hymnal Number: 260 Author of "Sweetly the birds are singing" in Songs of Worship Anzentia Igene (Angie) Perry Chapman, 1849-1889. Born near Lansing, MI, Angie was the wife of Free Methodist minister, Edwin W. Chapman. They had three children. She helped on his evangelism tours and rural preaching circuits. They worked in Sparta, MI, and helped found the first Free Methodist church in Grand Rapids, MI. She also wrote hymn lyrics. In 1888 they followed an evangelistic tour of Kansas, and them moved to Isabella County, MI. She died in Mt. Pleasant, MI. John Perry

Howard Kingsbury

1842 - 1878 Person Name: H. Kingsbury Hymnal Number: 170 Author of "Come, let us all unite and sing" in Songs of Worship Kingsbury, Howard. This name is associated with the popular hymn in days gone by, "Come, let us all unite and sing, God is love!" (God is Love), but concerning the same we have failed to gain any information. We know personally that the hymn was in common use nearly forty years ago (circa 1850). --John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology, Appendix, Part II (1907)

Sigismund Neukomm

1778 - 1858 Person Name: S. Neukomm Hymnal Number: 119 Composer of "ST. VINCENT" in Songs of Worship Sigismund Ritter von Neukomm, b. Salzburg, 1778; d. Paris 1858 Evangelical Lutheran Hymnal, 1908

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