Aus tiefer Noth schrei ich zu dir. Martin Luther. [Ps. cxxx.] This beautiful, though free, version of Ps. cxxx. was written in 1523. Ps. cxxx. was a great favourite with Luther, one of those he called Pauline Psalms —the others being Ps. xxxii., li., and cxliii. With its versification he took special pains, and the final result ranks with the finest of German Psalm versions. It first appeared in 4 stanzas of 7 lines in Etlich cristlich lider, Wittenberg, 1524, and in Eyn Enchiridion, Erfurt, 1524. The form now in use considerably altered, and with stanza ii. rewritten as ii., iii., appeared in the Geystliche gesangk Buchleyn, Wittenberg, 1524, in 5 stanzas was included as No. 1 in Luther's Christliche Geseng zum Begrebnis, Wittenberg, 1542, and since in almost all German hymn-books, as recently in the Unverfälschter Liedersegen, 1851, No. 362. Both forms are included in Wackernagel’s D. Kirchenlied, iii. pp. 7-8, and in Schircks's ed. of Luther's Geistliche Lieder, 1854, pp. 66-68.
The fine melody (in the Irish Church Hymnal called De profundis; elsewhere, Luther's 130th, &c.) is possibly by Luther, and first appeared, with the 5 stanza form, in 1524.
The hymn was sung, May 9, 1525, at the funeral of the Elector Friedrich the Wise in the Court church at Wittenberg; by the weeping multitude at Halle when, on Feb. 20, 1546, Luther's body was being taken to its last resting-place at Wittenberg; and again as the last hymn in the Cathedral at Strasburg before the city was captured by the French in 1681. Stanza v. comforted the last hours of Christian, Elector of Saxony, 1591, of Johann Georg L, Elector of Saxony, 1656, and of King Friedrich I. of Prussia, 1723 (Koch, viii. 211-216).
Translations in common use:—
1. Out of the deep I cry to Thee, My. A free translation of stanzas i.-iii., v., by B. Latrobe, as No. 231 in the Moravian Hymn Book, 1789 (1849, No. 287). In 1848, it was given, slightly altered from the edition of 1826, and beginning "Out of the depths I cry to Thee, Lord, look," as No. 4 in the Dalston Hospital Hymn Book. The text of 1826, unaltered save stanza ii., 11. 3-4, was included as No. 440 in the Irish Church Hymnal, 1873.
2. From deep distress to Thee I pray. In full by Dr. H. Mills in his Horae Germanicae, 1845 (1856, p. 71). Thence as No. 70 in the Luth. Gen. Synod's Collection 1850-52, and as No. 464 in Temple Melodies, N. Y., 1851,
3. Out of the depths, 0 Lord. A paraphrase in 12 stanzas of 6 lines by Miss Fry in her Hymns of the Reformation, 1845, p. 141. The doxology is from the gloria to the version of Ps. i. by L. Oeler, 1525. This gloria is appended to Luther as No. 1558 in Burg's Breslau Gesang-Buch, 1746. Her stanzas viii., iii., ix., iv., v., in order beginning— "Lord, let Thy people be," were included as No. 100, and stanzas vi., vii., beginning—"Lord, Thou hast given Thy faithful word," as No. 97 in Whittemore's Supplement to All Hymn Books, 1860.
4. Out of the deep I cry to Thee, O Lord God, &c. A good and full translation by A. T. Russell as No. 74 in his Psalms & Hymns, 1851. Included in full in Dr. Bacon's edition of Luther's Hymns, 1884, p. 10, and, omitting stanza iv., as No. 85 in the New Zealand Hymnal, 1872.
5. From depths of woe I raise to Thee. Good and full by R. Massie in his M. Luther's Spiritual Songs, 1854, p. 73. Thence unaltered as No. 64 in the 1857 edition of Mercer's Church Psalm & Hymn Book (Ox. ed., 1864, No. 150), and since in the Scottish Hymnal, 1870, the Scottish Presbyterian Hymnal, 1876 (omitting stanza iv,), and the Canadian Presbyterian Hymn Book, 1880,
6. Out of the depths I cry to Thee, Lord God! oh hear my prayer. In full by Miss Winkworth in her Lyra Germanica, 1855, p. 65, and thence unaltered as No. 626 in the Wesleyan Hymn Book, 1875. The lines 1-4 of stanzas i., iii., v. form No. 548 in the American Unitarian Hymn [& Tune] Book, Boston, 1868.
7. Out of the depths I cry to Thee, Lord God, 0 hear my wailing. A good but rather free translation, as No. 215 in the New Congregational Hymn Book, 1859, and since as No. 501 in the Methodist New Congregational Hymn Book, 1863, as No. 42 in Dr. Thomas's Augustine Hymn Book, 1866, and No. 119 in the Appendix of 1874 to the Leeds Hymn Book of 1853. Of this tr. stanza ii.-v. are given in Dr. Dale's English Hymn Book , 1874, No. 483, as "Thy sovereign grace and boundless love."
8. Almighty God! I call to Thee. A good translation omitting stanza ii., included in the American Episcopal Hymns for Church & Home, 1860, No. 308, and repeated as No. 511 in the American Episcopal Collection, 1871.
9. Out of the depths I cry to Thee, Lord hear me. Full and good, as No. 40 by Miss Winkworth in her Chorale Book for England, 1863, and repeated as No. 354 in the Lutheran General Council's Church Book 1868.
10. In deep distress I cry to Thee, O Lord, my God. A translation of stanzas i., ii., v., signed F. C. C, as No. 184 in Dr. Pagenstecher's Collection, 1864.
11. From lowest depths I cry to Thee. Full and good in E. Massie's Sacred Odes, vol. ii., 1867, p. 134, and thence as No. 251 in J. L. Porter's Collection, 1876.
12. Out of the depths I cry to Thee, Lord, mark my lamentation, in full, based upon R. Massie as above, as No. 233 in the Ohio Lutheran Hymnal, 1880.
Translations not in common use:—
(1) "Out of the depe cry I to the," by Bishop Coverdale, 1539 (ed. 1846, p. 577). (2) "Fra deip, O Lord, I call to the," in the Gude and Godly Ballates (ed. 1568, folio 57; ed. 1868, p. 98). (3) "Out of the deeps of long distress," by J. C. Jacobi, 1722, p. 61 (ed. 1732, p. 97, alt. and beginning "Out of the deeps of dark distress"). (4) "Guilty and vile, I call on Thee," by J. Anderson, 1846, p. 70 (1847, p. 84). (5) "From deep distress I cry to Thee, Oh," by Dr. J. Hunt, 1853, p. 102. (6) "From trouble deep I cry to Thee," by Dr. G. Macdonald in the Sunday Magazine , 1867, p. 682, and repeated altered in his Exotics , 1876, p. 101. (7) "From lowest deeps I cry, O God," by N. L. Frothingham, 1870, p. 183. (8) "From deep distress I cry to Thee; Lord listen," in the Church of England Magazine , 1872, p. 183. (9) "In deep distress I cry to Thee, Lord," in E. Walter s Martin Luther , 1884, p. 13. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.]
-- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)
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