J. Rosamond Johnson

John Rosamond Johnson USA 1873-1954. Born at Jacksonville, FL, brother of James Weldon Johnson, he was an important figure in black music. During the first part of the 20th century. With his brother and a partner, Bob Cole, he helped compose “The black national anthem”: “Lift every voice and sing”. He was a pianist, songwriter, producer, soldier, singer, and actor. He began playing the piano at age four, and he studied at the New England Conservatory and with Samuel Coleridge Taylor in London, England. By the turn of the century he was teaching school in the Jacksonville area. He was also music director at the Bethel Baptist Church there. He moved to New York City in 1900 and entered its musical life. With Bob Cole (and sometimes his brother) they created a vaudeville act, did songwriting, and produced several musicals. This lasted until Cole’s death in 1911. They also produced two musicals: “The shoo-fly regiment” (1907) and “The red moon” (1909), in which he did some acting as well. The shows were successful, but they lost money and returned to doing vaudeville. In 1912, he gave a piano “Concert of Negro Music” at Carnegie Hall. In 1912-13 he went to London and served as director of Oscar Hammerstein’s Grand Opera House. He also wrote music for a theatre review. Returning to the U.S. with his new wife, Nora Ethel Floyd, he was appointed as director of the New York Music School Settlement for Colored People, serving from 1914-1919. The Johnson’s had one son, Donald. When WW1 broke out, he received a commission as a 2nd Lt. In the 15th Regiment. After the war, he also helped his brother with some NAACP activities. He toured with his own groups, the Harlem Rounders and the Inimitable Five. In New York he met and worked with Oscar Hammerstein, who would help shape his career. He also performed in negro spiritual concerts in New York and Manhattan. He sang and played the part of a lawyer in the original production of “Porgy & Bess” (1935). In 1936 he served as music director for the musical, “Blackbirds”. He sang in the original production of Gershwin’s “Porgy & Bess”, taking roles in other dramatics as well. As an editor he collected important works of traditional African-American songs and compiled them, along with his brother, James: “The Book of American negro spirituals” (1925), and ‘The second Book of negro spirituals’ (1926). He also edited “Shoutsongs” (1936) and the folksong anthology “Rolling along in song” (1937). He co-produced 15 musicals. He continued composing songs and instructing young people in music, and serving as a theatre doctor for many plays until his death. He died in New York City. Six published collections.

John Perry